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Processed Meats - Citri-Fi Citurs Fiber - Increased Yields, Succulence, Meat-like texture - Marinades

Meat Marinades: Bathing Foods with Flavor

Meat marinades are essential when cooking animal products. They improve the yields, boost the juicy texture and better the overall eating experience. Marinades can be used in meat injection or vacuum tumbled methods in addition to being used as a table sauces or condiments. Regardless of the use, one common goal is to improve the meat taste. Citri-Fi® citrus fiber, at <1%, can bind the water and oil to significantly control yields and increase the succulence and flavor of the meat which enhances the eating qualities.

About two million years ago, cavemen cooked their mammoth meat over an open flame using chiseled rock spears and broken sticks. And this tradition continues today using state-of-the-art equipment involving gas or charcoal as a fuel source. Not to mention, there are now pre and post cooking methods to improve the juiciness and succulence of the meat. One strategy is to use meat marinades. However, there are several options when using a flavorable liquid to improve the eating experience. These include injection marinades, vacuum tumble marinades and table sauces.

Infusing Flavor and Moisture: Injection Marinades

Injection marinades are a common practice in the meat processing world. This involves penetrating meat muscle using injector needles to pump flavor, phosphate, salt and water. Many times, these brines also include modified food starches and/or gums such as carrageenan to improve the water and oil binding. These water binding hydrocolloids not only improve the purge reduction in raw meats, but also enhance the yields and juiciness of final cooked products.

Today, consumers are more sensitive about their food. They want to know where it comes from and how it is handled. And this sensitivity caused many consumers to read food labels. Because of this, some ingredients have fallen under suspicion including those that appear chemically modified or not recognizable. Yet, there are natural ingredients available in the market that meat processors can utilize while not comprising their meat goods. One ingredient in particular is citrus fiber.

Citri-Fi® citrus fiber is byproduct of the citrus juicing industry. The process, which is free from chemical modifications, opens up the fiber to create high water holding capacity and emulsification properties. As a result, at low usage levels (<1%), Citri-Fi can bind the water in meat marinades and minimize water loss after injection. This clean label strategy can maintain the juicy and succulent texture of cooked meats without the use of phosphates, starches and/or food gums. However, if labeling is not an issue, citrus fiber can also be used alongside other hydrocolloids as a phosphate replacer while still creating a high quality eating experience.

Round and Round: Tumbling Meat Marinades

Another approach involving meat marinades is with a vacuum tumbler. This method uses a sealed drum and rotating mechanics to marinate meat parts. The vacuum aids in opening up the meat tissue to allow the meat marinade to penetrate further. By using this technique, the tumbling helps tenderize the meat while the hydrocolloidal coating binds the water which enhances the juicy texture post cook.

The Citri-Fi 200 series, which is citrus fiber co-processed with guar gum, is an effective way to improve the water and oil binding in meat marinades. At low usage levels (<1%), the citrus fiber locks in the water while the guar gum is used to aid in creating cling. Depending on the meat product, meat processors may use one or both injection and vacuum meat tumbling to improve raw yields and succulence and yields post cook.

Liquid Flavor Bombs: Sauces, Condiments or Marinades

After meat is processed using all or none of the above mentioned methods, it is shipped to retail. Consumers tote this meat home to be thrown on a grill, tossed in the oven or seared in a pan. Regardless of the cooking technique, they all have one element in common – the sauce. It is this factor that turned a caveperson into a modern day chef!

To impart that burst of flavor and juiciness, consumers lean on meat marinades prior to cooking the meat. However, if time is limited, table sauces and condiments are effective alternatives. Many of these products contain starches and/or food gums to thicken up the texture. These ingredients tend to be pH and heat stable. In other words, the hydrocolloids are tolerant of food processing conditions so that table sauces and condiments remain viscous.

However, formulating with some of these hydrocolloids come with challenges. Modified starches help keep sauces thick during food processing, however, at times they do break down due to too low usage levels. Because of this, formulators will bump up the usage creating unnatural textures. Many food gums are highly tolerant of food processing conditions too. At the same time, textures tend to be stringy and uncommon for a table sauce.

Citri-Fi citrus fiber, when used at low usage levels (<1%), creates sauces with a natural mouthfeel. This clean label ingredient binds the water and oil to prevent separation. And due to its fibrous composition, it is highly stable in most food processing conditions. Citri-Fi can be used to create marinades, table sauces or condiments without the use of modified starches and/or food gums.

 Dry Rubs: A Savory Massage

By way of contrast, dry rubs contain no liquid but deliver a flavorful punch when coated on meats. The dry rub typically contains spices and seasonings which are smothered all over the meat product prior to cooking. This method also helps not only to seal in the meat juice during cooking but also deliver flavor.

Citri-Fi citrus fiber can be used in a dry rub to help with adhesion. In addition, Citri-Fi also can be used as a plating agent for water and/or oil soluble flavors. For example, Citri-Fi can plate about 25% liquid smoke and turn it into a free-flowing powder. This plated smoke can then be incorporated into a dry rub alongside other ingredients like seasoning, sugar, and/or salt. This dry rub can be used as is on a meat product or turned into a marinade by adding water, vinegar and canola oil. Citri-Fi’s dual functionality delivers the smoke flavor and stabilizes the emulsion part of the meat marinade.

Besides the multi-functional benefits of Citri-Fi, this citrus fiber is non-allergenic and gluten-free. Labeling options include citrus flour or dried citrus pulp which resonate well in the clean label markets. Citri-Fi 400 series is now available which is USDA certified organic. Citri-Fi is Non-GMO Project certified, sustainable and upcycled.

 

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Gluten-free Ingredients: Next Generation Challenges & Solutions

Gluten-free bakery products continue to be in demand. Though first generation baked goods had superior taste and texture, they lacked nutritional enhancement. As a result, newer versions used new gluten-free ingredients such as plant-based proteins, enzymes, nutritional oils and fibers. Because of this, formulators managed new sets of challenges. Citri-Fi® citrus fiber is a multi-functional ingredient ideal for gluten-free formulating. This natural ingredients binds oil and water which provides moisture retention, binding, improved freshness, emulsification and freeze/thaw stability in a variety of baked goods.

Back in 2005 during my R&D days, gluten-free bakery became the next new hot wave for food formulators. Working in R&D meant you joined sensory panel evaluations or bakery cuttings. And at that time, my bakery team produced never ending rounds of gluten-free breads using a cocktail of starches, gums and gluten-free flours. The polarizing results teetered between a mouth full of sawdust to teeth encased with gummy dough. As a result, formulating with gluten-free ingredients reverted my bakery team to ground zero.

At that time, the goal was to create a gluten-free food that was edible and tasted good. That meant using gluten-free ingredients not typically found in a baker’s toolbox. However, over time, bakers churned out high quality acceptable gluten-free bakery products. Yet, today, gluten-free still faces a few challenges including lack of nutrition. Because formulators primarily focused on taste and texture, they used gluten-free ingredients consisting of lower amounts of vitamins, minerals, protein and fiber versus their gluten-containing counterparts. For instance, first generation formulations contained starches and food gums minus the fortification. Though the market found safe products to eat, they lacked the nutritious and wholesome diet.

However, today, the gluten-free category continues to thrive. Besides Celiac’s disease, gluten and wheat intolerances and allergies, other trendy diets such as paleo, keto and FODMAP spurred further demand for gluten-free products. At the same time, formulating evolved into a more sophisticated task. The toolbox expanded to equip formulators with a variety of plant-based proteins, enzymes, nutritional oils, fibers and formulating techniques. The revised ingredient toolbox and trendy diet fads also created new formulating challenges. Product developers ran into issues with binding, emulsification, moisture retention, crumb formation and structure. Yet, despite the nuisances, there is one gluten-free ingredient formulators needed to add to their gluten-free toolbox – citrus fiber.

Next Generation Gluten-free Ingredients

Citrus fiber, such as Citri-Fi, serves as an ideal functional fiber used in gluten-free formulating. However, not all citrus fibers are created the same. Some citrus fiber suppliers pull byproduct from their pectin extraction processes which at times limits their functionality due to their composition. On the other hand, citrus fibers like Citri-Fi, are upcycled materials created from byproduct of the citrus juicing process. As a result, this citrus fiber’s composition does not change. It remains how nature intended it to be. Citri-Fi consists of insoluble and soluble fiber in the form of pectin. The high concentration of intact native pectin gives this citrus fiber the multi-functionality which is key in gluten-free formulating.

Citrus Fiber's Multi-functionality at Work

Many gluten-free bakery formulations use ingredients that do not provide much viscosity. A popular work around is to use food gums or pregel starches. However, due to Citri-Fi citrus fiber’s fibrous composition, it contributes thickness when hydrated. As a result, this helps thicken up the dough, which typically is more like a batter when working with gluten-free ingredients, and makes handling easier. Formulators typically add Citri-Fi to the dry ingredients such as flour, salt and sugar first before combining with the liquids.

Another key benefit Citri-Fi provides is moisture retention. The citrus fiber’s fibrous matrix traps water and holds onto it at low usage levels (<1%). As a result, this improves the gluten-free breads freshness over time. And because many gluten-free products are typically frozen and slacked out later to minimize staling, Citri-Fi can bind the water and prevent it from migrating during the freeze/thaw process.

Because gluten-free falls under the non-allergenic umbrella, formulators are sometimes tasked to veer away from other allergenic ingredients such as egg, soy and dairy. As a result, they seek out natural emulsifiers to improve the crust and cell formation of the gluten-free bakery products. Citri-Fi citrus fiber binds oil and water in these type of systems. So, depending on the formulation, Citri-Fi, which is non-allergenic, can be used as a natural emulsifier in gluten-free bakery products such as breads, muffins and cakes.

Boosting Nutrition via Fiber

Lastly, as mentioned in the beginning, gluten-free products lack a solid nutritional profile. Using Citri-Fi citrus fiber helps contribute some dietary fiber to the nutritional panel. Though the fiber contribution is limited due to the lower usage level, this citrus fiber can be used with other plant-based fibers to help boost up the fiber content. This gluten-free ingredient’s labeling options include citrus fiber, dried citrus pulp or citrus flour which resonate well in the clean label and natural markets.

 

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Keto Ingredients: Keeping it Fresh with Citrus Fiber

Many looking to shed a few pounds gravitate to the keto diet which is a popular low carbohydrate regimen consisting of high fats and protein intake. Because these bakery foods use keto ingredients such as nut and seed flours and dairy proteins, they tend to dry out and stale which shortens the shelf-life. Citri-Fi® citrus fiber holds onto water and provides emulsification at low usage levels (<1%) to improve the freshness over time in these type of baked goods.

Can you imagine giving up pastries, potato chips or strawberry licorice? Some people do to lasso their health back into line. According to the CDC, the obesity prevalence in the USA is 42.4% in 2017 – 2018 (Adult Obesity Facts | Overweight & Obesity | CDC). Though the statistics are ominous, most individuals look into the mirror before calculating their BMI to determine whether they need to diet. Because of this, many adopted new meal plans such as the Keto diet. By definition, this diet curbs carbohydrates so that the majority of the keto ingredients comprise of 70% fat, 20% protein and 5% or less simple carbohydrates. (Catching the keto wave | 2019-04-02 | Baking Business).

Keto foods popularized quickly due to the quick results – weight loss. Eating a keto diet long term, eventually puts the body into ketosis which in the end forces the body to shed pounds. At first this sounds like the holy grail. However, one slip-up or “cheat day” could cause the individual to bounce out of ketosis and start gaining weight. Not only is abiding to the diet a challenge, but creating keto-friendly bakery foods poses another dilemma.

Keto Bakery Crux and Key Success

Bakery foods like breads, pancakes and cookies rely on grain-based flours like wheat. As mentioned, grain-based flours are forbidden due to the high carbohydrate content. As a result, bakers result to using keto ingredients such as nut and seed flours, egg white protein and collagen. Although proteins do provide binding, they lack innate carbohydrates like starches which typically help bind water in the keto bakery. Foods with protein bases tend to be denser and dry out faster. And this leads to staling, breakage and shorter shelf life.

Citri-Fi® citrus fiber is one natural ingredient that holds a lot of water and provides emulsification. The high fiber content of both insoluble and soluble fiber in the form of pectin works well in keto bakery products. At low usage levels (<1%), this natural fiber improves the moisture retention which helps extend freshness over time. Because of this, Citri-Fi is an ideal keto ingredient since it provides water management versus using caloric food starches.

Sugar is the other culprit in keto bakery. In traditional bakery products, sugar is used not only for the sweetness factor but also to help bind water. Without it, water releases causing the baked good to dry out. Citri-Fi citrus fiber along with non-caloric or high intensity sweeteners, which are keto friendly ingredients, will help retain the moisture while creating a tasty product.

Keto Bakery Opportunities

In the end, the keto diet will continue to be a niche trend for those looking to tip the scales the other way. However, over time, many stray off the diet because they get burned out with the limited keto food options. As a result, they cheat and consume carbohydrates which resets their ketosis condition. Bakery and snack manufacturers have the opportunity to create gateway foods to keep their consumers on track with their goals. Today, the market is exploding with new high protein ingredients which can be used in a variety foods including baked goods, bars, shakes, beverages and savory snacks to name a few.

About Citri-Fi Citrus Fiber

Citri-Fi is non-GMO project certified, allergen-free and gluten-free. It qualifies as a dietary fiber under the FDA which makes it an ideal keto ingredient for bakery. Labeling options include citrus fiber, dried citrus pulp or citrus flour which resonate well in the clean label market. Citri-Fi also has no E-number.

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New Meat Alternative Ingredients: Top 5 FAQ About Citri-Fi® TX BLOG

The brand new Citri-Fi® TX citrus fiber provides cold binding and meat-like texture to meat alternatives like meat-free patties. This is a the first new texturizing citrus fiber to hit the market. Learn more about this exciting new meat alternative ingredient by reading the frequently asked questions (FAQ).

Fiberstar, Inc. recently launched Citri-Fi TX citrus fiber used to improve meat alternatives. This new meat alternative ingredient improves texture and cold binding in meat-free food products like patties. During this launch, a flood of questions poured in about this new technology. Many manufacturers are searching for new meat alternative ingredients such as vegetable proteins, methyl cellulose replacers, binders and texturants. At the same time, this new Citri-Fi TX citrus fiber provides a few of these desired benefits. Check out the top frequently asked questions (FAQ) about Citri-Fi TX citrus fiber.

1.  What is the NEW Citri-Fi TX Citrus Fiber?

This new texturizing citrus fiber provides a few key benefits including meat-like texture, cold binding and clean label. For instance, the larger particle size lends itself to bind more water than gluten and other binders. As a result, it serves as a way to prevent the meat-free patty from turning soft and mushy during cooking. Also, it absorbs water through processing, storage and cooking. And the larger particle size adds a more meat-like texture with particulates similar to that of ground beef.

Citri-Fi TX is non-allergen, therefore it is a natural choice when replacing gluten in meat alternative formulations. Also, this natural citrus fiber is Non-GMO Project certified.

2.  What Functional Benefits Does Citri-Fi TX Citrus Fiber Provide?

As mentioned previously, Citri-Fi TX provides a few key benefits that other meat alternative ingredients lack. For instance, this citrus fiber creates cold binding benefits. This is essential in creating meatless patties that maintain shape and form without falling apart. In addition to cold binding, Citri-Fi TX also contributes to the meat-like texture to simulate an animal meat eating experience. Many vegetarian meats suffer from mushy and soft texture. However, this citrus fiber's large particle size and water binding capacity supplements the base texture to give it a meatier bite. Citri-Fi TX binds more water than other binders like gluten. As a result, this citrus fiber can replace gluten especially in formulations that are requiring allergen-free ingredients.

3.  How is Citri-Fi TX Citrus Fiber Different Than Other Citri-Fi Products?

The key differences between Citri-Fi TX from the other Citri-Fi products are particle size, water holding and protein binding power. Citri-Fi TX is a larger particle size citrus fiber which helps create that meatier texture similar to that of ground beef. Citri-Fi TX binds significantly more water than gluten or other binders. As a result, it serves a way to prevent the meat-free patties from getting soft and mushy during the cooking process. Since this citrus fiber has binding power, it absorbs water throughout processing, storage and cooking. Thus, less gelling, binding and water absorbing ingredients are needed. Usage level ranges between 0.4% to 4%.

The other Citri-Fi products provide water holding too. However, their composition and particle size lends them to creating excellent emulsions. These citrus fibers bind water and oil to keep meat-free patties stable over time. Also, these products create juicy and succulent texture that consumers expect. Usage level ranges between 0.5% to 2%.

4.  What Stability Benefits Does Citri-Fi TX Citrus Fiber Provide in Meat Alternatives? 

Citri-Fi TX is heat, pH and freeze/thaw stable. Salt content does not affect Citri-Fi's functionality in meat alternatives. And as long as there is moisture in the patty, the binding will not break down over time.

5.  What is Citri-Fi TX Citrus Fiber's Labeling? 

Citri-Fi TX's labeling options include Citrus Fiber, Dried Citrus Pulp or Citrus Flour. As a result, these resonate well in the clean label and natural markets.

Additional Information about Citri-Fi Citrus Fiber and Meat Alternatives

NEW Texturizing Citrus Fiber: Citri-Fi® for Meat Alternatives

Meat Alternatives and Citrus Fiber FAQ

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